Address:32, F.Khodjayev str., Tashkent,Uzbekistan,700143
Director:Ozodbek Ashurmetov
Phone: (+998-71)- 162-70-65
Fax: (+998-71)- 162-79-38
E-mail: botany@uzsci.net
Institute of Botany was established in 1940. In 1941 it was renamed as Institute of Botany and Soil Sciences. In 1943 (after forming of Institute of Soil Sciences) research in botany were carried out at the Institute of Botany and Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan. In 1950 the Institute was divided into Institutes of Botany and Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan.
Botanical Garden after F.Rusanov was formed in 1943 on the base of Botanical Garden of Central Asian State University. With the purpose of coordination of scientific research in the field of botanical sciences, and also rational use of existing scientific potential. In 1998 Institute of Botany was united with Botanical Garden after F.Rusanov. In 2001, on decree of Presidium of Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan, on the basis of Institute of Botany, Botanical Garden after F.Rusanov and Botanical Garden after Amir Temur in Buston town (Karakalpakstan Republic) was organized Scientific and Production Center of «Botanika» (SPC «Botanika»).
FIELD OF ACTIVITY OF THE CENTER
By the collaborators of the SPC «Botanika» it is carrying out research on flora and vegetation of Uzbekistan, for the rational use, conservation, production and optimization. It is carrying out researches on introduction and acclimatization of other regional plants for enrichment of biological diversity and plan gene bank. It is also conducting studies on structural, functional and adaptation properties of basic biomorphic different geographic areas of Uzbekistan.
Particular attention is paying to study of processes of desertification, determining condition of the vegetation in connection with increasing influence of anthropogenic activity, ecological mapping, and search of drought and salt tolerant species of plants for phytomelioration of degraded adyr, deserted pastures and the drained bottom of the Aral Sea.
It‘s conducting detail researches on reproductive biology of perspective plants of natural flora, and also of introduced in culture. It’s developing theoretical basis of selection of intruders with applying the remote hybridization and the methods of accelerated vegetative reproduction of most perspective species of plants with the purpose of their introduction.
It’s continuing development of the biological basis of medicinal plant growing and industrial botany. Much attention has been paid on biotechnological researches for the development of the methods of technologies without waste or undesirable products, and obtaining of valuable biological compounds. In connection with the deficiency of drinking water in the reservoirs, it’s developing the methods on biological purification of sewage, with using high water plants and micro algae.
RESEARCH FIELDS
- Systematics of plants;
- Modern and fossil flora;
- Ontomorphogenesis and reproductive biology;
- Algae flora;
- Mycoflora;
- Ecology, physiology, biochemistry, biotechnology of plants;
- Introduction and acclimatization.
FACILITIES (EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP AND METHODS)
- Systematical method;
- Anatomical, morphological, cytoembryological methods;
- Paleobotanical method;
- Physiological, biochemical method;
- Geobotanical method.
PRODUCTIONS AND SERVICES
- Cultivating the rare trees, shrubs, seeds, flowers, mushrooms, aquatic plants;
- Various maps.
UNIQUE OBJECTS AND THE EQUIPMENT
Central Herbarium of the SPC «Botanika» is one of the properties of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where stored huge collection of plant samples as a result of research activity of several generation of scientists. An international conference (held in Saint Petersburg in 1993) supported by UNESCO and International Council of the Scientific Unions has attracted broad attention of world scientific community on the scale and value of botanical collections in Uzbekistan. In this conference herbarium of Uzbekistan (Central Herbarium) was announced of the herbarium of world significance. At the moment, the central herbarium represents itself a unique and big collection in the Central Asia, which is the «gold» fund of botanical sciences. It is totaled more than one million sheets of the herbarium, belonging 172 families. The herbarium consists of 4 departments.
Paleobotanical collection comprises more than 6000 samples and represented with prints of vegetative organs almost all of types of vegetation, fossilized wood and pollen spores of all types of vegetation world. The collection holds print of hermaphrodite flower of plants, which for the first time was found in the Central Asia of adjournments of the middle Jurassic period in the Tashkutan of Ghisar. This is unique finding shows history of formation the first hermaphrodite flower in the territory of Uzbekistan.
Live collection of aquatic plants is unique in the whole Central Asia, where are collected representatives of big diversity of species. On the basis of the current collection it has developed mass cultivation of some microalgae, which are using in the different branches of the agriculture.
Mycological collection consists of 20 000 herbarium sheets, collected from degraded parts of wild growing, cultural, grassy plants of different ecosystems of Uzbekistan. The collection of live cultures comprises 53 species of micro- and 23 macromycetes.
The whole territory of the Botanical Garden is 66 ha, and located on the southern-east side of Tashkent city. Dendrarium of the garden occupies 40 ha and consists of the expositions of dendroflora (дендрофлор) of East Asia, Northern America, The Far East, Europe, Crimea and Caucasus. The collection of the Botanical Garden represents more than 4500 species, forms, kinds of trees, bushes, semi-brushes, lianas, grassy and water plants. In greenhouses and hothouses of the Botanical Garden are grown up and kept more than 800 kinds, forms and grades of tropical and subtropical plants collected from various corners of the Globe.
In the collection of Botanical Garden after A.Temur in Buston town Ellikkala district of Karakalpakstan Republic collected more than 300 species, kinds and forms of trees, bushes and underbushes. Here, in the high salinity and water deficiency conditions are carrying out researches on introduction and acclimatization of plants, and also introduction into culture most perspective plant species.
An Experimental Base of the SPC located in the Kyzilkum desert station, Bostanlyk mountain-botanical stationary, Kybray experimental-productional area, and also there are three basic points located in the various geographical zones of Uzbekistan.
Desert Kyzilkum Station, which situated in the beginning of mountain of Kuldjuktau (south western Kyzilkum) is the etalon to carry out researches on structural and functional adaptation of plants in the conditions of enhancing aridization climate. Station is located in the plaster desert with its characteristic vegetation cover. The station includes laboratories and premises, power stations and other auxiliary structures. There is a collection of basic feed plants, which are necessary for researches on improving and phytomelioration of natural pastures.
INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany;
- Kyoto University, Japan;
- Volcani Center, Israel.
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